Build a facility · Stairs

Draw 3D stairs with the stairs & lifts tool

Draw straight, L-shape and U-shape 3D staircases with Add stairs & lifts (S). Set steps, riser and tread depth, and check the live building-code badge.

7 min readUpdated

When to use the Stair tool

A stair is a parametric 3D staircase drawn between two or three anchor points on the map. Every step is a real extruded solid, so you can see the run from any camera angle. Reach for the tool whenever the facility connects two levels — mezzanine access, loading-dock stairs, plant catwalks, retail floor changes.

To open the tool: open the Draw flyout on the left toolbar and pick Add stairs & lifts, or press S on the keyboard. The `-` (minus) key also opens it when nothing is selected.

S -Open the stairs & lifts tool (Add stairs & lifts).

Escalators and elevators are drawn with the same tool — see Lifts & escalators. The Retail Mart Store demo uses it for the escalators in the middle of the store. With one selected, the side panel is the same one a stair gets, with Escalator picked under Lifts instead of a shape under Stairs.

Screenshot · An escalator selected in the Retail Mart Store
An escalator selected in the Retail Mart Store editor: the side panel shows Actions (Move, Rotate, Duplicate, Delete), Transform with the Rotation slider, the Stairs picker (Straight, L-shape, U-shape), Escalator selected under Lifts, Direction Up, Layout Single, and From floor and To floor pickers
An escalator selected in the Retail Mart Store editor: the side panel shows Actions (Move, Rotate, Duplicate, Delete), Transform with the Rotation slider, the Stairs picker (Straight, L-shape, U-shape), Escalator selected under Lifts, Direction Up, Layout Single, and From floor and To floor pickers

Three stair types

The Geometry section starts with the type picker. A one-line hint under it describes the click flow, and the number of clicks depends on the type.

TypeAnchorsHow you draw
Straight2Click the bottom of the run, then the top.
L-shape3Click the bottom, then the corner where the run turns, then the top. Each flight uses the full step count.
U-shape2Click the bottom, then the top of flight 1. Flight 2 mirrors back at the same length automatically.

Drawing a staircase

  1. 1
    Pick a type and set the basics

    Open the tool; the side panel shows the Placement hint plus the Geometry and Appearance sections. Change any of these before you click on the map — the preview uses whatever you set.

  2. 2
    Click the first anchor (the bottom)

    After the first click, a preview of the whole staircase follows your cursor.

  3. 3
    Click the remaining anchor(s)

    For Straight or U, one more click at the top commits the stair. For L, click the corner first, then the top of the second flight.

  4. 4
    Camera lands on the new stair

    After the final click the tool switches to Select, the camera flies to the centre of the stair at zoom ≥ 19 and pitch ≥ 45°, and the side panel opens on the new stair so you can tweak it. Every new stair is named "Stairs" (click the name in the panel header to rename it, for example to "Stair 1") and is pinned to the Default floor plan if one is set. While placing, the Placement section has an Exit stair tool button; Enter and Backspace do nothing for stairs.

EscWith anchors placed — cancel the chain but stay in the tool. Empty — exit to Pan.

The side-panel sections

When one stair is selected, the side panel shows Actions on top, then Transform, Geometry and Appearance. Click the name in the header to rename it.

SectionWhat lives there
ActionsMove · Rotate · Duplicate · Delete.
TransformRotation slider (−180° to +180°) — spins the stair around its centre.
GeometryType picker · Steps (slider 1–40) · Width · Riser height · Tread depth (Auto or Manual) · Landing depth (L + U) · Open well (U) · Base elevation. Ends with a live compliance badge.
AppearanceTread colour · Risers and sides · Railing (Metal / Glass / None) · Handrail colour (hidden when Railing is None) · Border · Border width · Opacity.

Geometry — every field explained

FieldDefaultWhat it does
Stair typeStraightStraight / L-shape / U-shape (or a lift type). Switches the click flow and the fields the panel shows.
Steps10Number of steps per flight (1–40).
Width1.2 mStair width perpendicular to the run.
Riser height0.178 m (7 in)Rise per step — the IBC public-stair maximum.
Tread depth0.279 m (11 in)Depth of each step — the IBC public-stair minimum. See Auto vs Manual below.
Landing depth (L + U)2.4 mDepth of the turn platform along the run direction.
Open well (U)0.3 mCentral void between the two flights of a U-shape. 0 = flush flights.
Base elevation0 mHeight of the first step above the ground. Set it to a floor's altitude when the stair starts partway up a building.

Tread depth — Auto vs Manual

The Tread depth row has a two-button mode picker:

ModeWhat it doesWhen to reach for it
Auto (default)Tread depth follows the drag length. You set the number of steps and the riser height; the tread depth follows the run you draw.Fastest way to draw a stair that fits an available space.
ManualTread depth is a fixed value you type in; the top anchor is recomputed from the step count and tread depth.When you need a specific tread depth — the geometry follows the numbers, not the mouse.

The compliance badge

At the bottom of the Geometry section a coloured badge updates live. It shows the Blondel comfort number — "2R + T = … cm (target 60–63 cm)" — and lists any rule the current riser and tread break. With the default riser (0.178 m) and tread (0.279 m), 2R + T is 63.5 cm, so the badge shows a Comfort warning with the default settings until you adjust one of them.

BadgeWhat it means
Geometry OKRiser and tread are inside the code limits and 2R + T is within 60–63 cm.
Comfort warningCode-legal, but 2R + T is outside the 60–63 cm comfort range.
Code violationRiser over 17.8 cm (IBC) or 19 cm (OSHA industrial), riser under 10 cm, or tread under 27.9 cm.

Move, Rotate, Duplicate, Delete

Stairs have Move and Rotate. There is no on-map Scale — resize by editing Steps, Width, Riser height and Tread depth instead. Every edit re-renders the stair live.

ButtonWhat it doesShortcut
MoveDrag the whole staircase to a new position, keeping its orientation and shape.Arrow keys: 0.5 m along the stair's own heading (Shift = 5 m).
RotateSpin the stair around its centre. The Transform slider sets the same value.[ ] (Shift = 15°)
DuplicateCopy the stair as "<name> (copy)", offset a few metres so you can tell the two apart.⌘/Ctrl + D
DeleteRemove the stair immediately (undo with ⌘/Ctrl + Z).Delete

Stairs and wayfinding

Indoor routing works one floor at a time: the route search runs on the current floor's walkable areas, walls and doors. Stairs, escalators and lifts are drawn and labelled, but they are not part of the route search — there is no automatic cross-floor routing. For a multi-floor trip, route to the stair or lift, then route again on the next floor. See Wayfinding.

Editing many stairs at once

Shift-click (or ⌘/Ctrl-click) stairs to build a multi-selection. The panel switches to "N stairs selected" with Fit and Delete all (two-click confirm). Unlike most other kinds, stair bulk mode exposes several geometry fields — facilities often standardise every stair to the same proportions.

SectionBulk-editable fields
AppearanceFill · Border · Border width · Opacity.
DimensionsSteps · Riser height · Tread depth · Width · Elevation.

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